Xubuntu 24.04 体验笔记

本文记录了安装使用 xubuntu 24.04 minimal 中遇到的问题

1. 语言缺失

即便从安装开始选择了中文，部分菜单和应用因为是基于 gnome 的还是英文的样子，运行以下命令后重启启动即可解决

sudo apt install -y language-selector-gnome

2. 安装搜狗拼音输入法

因为搜狗输入法是基于 fcix4 开发的，所以需要首先卸载掉系统自带的 fcix5，相关命令如下

sudo apt purge -y fcitx5*

# Additional dependencies (refer to: https://shurufa.sogou.com/linux/guide)
sudo apt install fcitx libqt5qml5 libqt5quick5 libqt5quickwidgets5 qml-module-qtquick2 libgsettings-qt1 
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/fcitx.desktop /etc/xdg/autostart/

# Download deb installer from https://shurufa.sogou.com/linux
sudo apt install -y <sogou_xxx.deb>

最后重启即可生效

3. xfce 桌面美化

• 图标 https://github.com/vinceliuice/Tela-icon-theme
• 主题 https://github.com/vinceliuice/Vimix-gtk-themes
• 字体 从 Windows 复制 msyh.ttf

4. 安装非Snap版 Thunderbird

# 删除预装的 Snap 包
sudo snap remove --purge thunderbird
sudo apt remove -y thunderbird

# 添加 PPA 源
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/ppa

创建规则文件 /etc/apt/preferences.d/99mozillateam 内容如下

Package: *
Pin: release o=LP-PPA-mozillateam
Pin-Priority: 900

最好就应正常安装非 Snap 版的邮件客户端了

sudo apt update
sudo apt install thunderbird

5. 修复更新 Edge、VSCode 失败

wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/microsoft.gpg
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/edge/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft-edge.list

6. 禁用 IPV6

sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/disable_ipv6.conf << EOF
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1
EOF
sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/disable_ipv6.conf

7. 编译安装 Python 3.8

sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.20/Python-3.8.20.tar.xz
tar xf Python-3.8.20.tar.xz && cd Python-3.8.20
./configure --enable-optimizations --without-ensurepip --prefix=/usr/local/python38
make -j$(nproc)
sudo make altinstall

参考文章
xubuntu language support
Ubuntu_24.04_Install_Sogou_Pinyin.md
如何在 Ubuntu 24.04 中将 Thunderbird 安装为 DEB